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01 Sep 2026
German university campus, a destination for DAAD EPOS scholarship holders

The German Scholarship That Rewards Work Experience

Categories Germany, Scholarships, Study Abroad

Most fully funded master’s programmes screen on grades first. The DAAD EPOS scholarship screens on grades and on work. Germany’s Development-Related Postgraduate Courses programme will not consider you without at least two years of professional experience after your first degree, which changes who realistically competes for it.

The scheme funds graduates from developing and newly industrialised countries to take a postgraduate or master’s degree at a state or state-recognised German university. In exceptional cases it funds a doctorate. It is administered by the DAAD, Germany’s academic exchange service.

Postgraduate students in a lecture hall on a DAAD EPOS scholarship course
EPOS funds postgraduate study across a wide range of disciplines.

Who the DAAD EPOS scholarship is built for

The DAAD describes a typical holder plainly. That person works for a public authority, or for a state or private company in a developing country. They plan or execute projects with a development-policy bearing, whether technological, economic or social.

Think of a Vietnamese public-health officer who has spent three years running district immunisation logistics. That profile fits the programme far better than a stronger academic record with no working history behind it. The scheme is explicitly training specialists to return home, not recruiting talent to stay.

Eligibility rests on four things. You hold a bachelor’s degree, normally from a four-year course, in a relevant subject. Your results sit in the upper third. You have at least two years of relevant professional experience after that degree, counted at the time of application. Your degrees are normally no more than six years old.

What the EPOS scholarship actually pays

Funding runs for 12 to 42 months, depending on the study programme. The monthly payment is 934 euros for graduates and 1,300 euros for doctoral candidates.

The stipend is not the whole package. The award also covers payments towards health, accident and personal liability insurance, a travel allowance unless your home country or another funder already covers it, a monthly rent subsidy, and a monthly allowance for accompanying family members. That last item matters for mid-career applicants, who are more likely to move with a partner or children.

The EPOS eligibility bar that trips most applicants

Language requirements catch people out more often than grades. For courses taught in German, you must pass DSH 2 or TestDaF 4 before the course begins. The scholarship includes a six-month preparatory German course in Germany, but you still need a current certificate showing at least B1 German at the time of application.

The DAAD is direct about why. You cannot reach DSH or TestDaF level from nothing, even with the six-month intensive course, and passing the test is a formal condition of enrolling at the university. For English-taught courses you supply IELTS or TOEFL results. The institutional TOEFL is not accepted.

Applicants from the People’s Republic of China must also submit an APS certificate. Applications must be complete and written in English or German. Incomplete files are not considered, and there is no correction round.

How the EPOS application route works, and why deadlines differ

This is the part most guides get wrong. You do not apply to the DAAD. You apply directly to the postgraduate course you want, using that course’s own procedure and its own deadline. Applications sent to the DAAD are not forwarded.

Each course sets its own application deadline. There is no single closing date for the programme, which means two courses in the same intake year can close months apart. Check the deadline on the page of every course you are targeting, and check it again close to submission.

You may apply for up to three courses. If you do, list them in priority order in the DAAD application forms and keep that order consistent across every form. Submit one motivation letter that explains why you chose those specific courses and that ranking. The DAAD warns that ignoring this can void an application, or even an award already made.

The selection sequence runs in four steps. You send complete applications to the courses. A selection committee proposes candidates for a scholarship. Proposed candidates are contacted by the DAAD and upload their full file to the DAAD Portal. The process is then finalised and candidates are informed. Keep a PDF copy of every document, because you will need to upload them again at step three.

Getting your file ready before your course closes

Work backwards from the course deadline rather than forward from today. Employment certificates and certified translations are the slowest items, and neither is under your control.

The required documents run in a set order: the signed checklist, the DAAD application for a research or study scholarship, a Europass CV in reverse chronological order with no unexplained gaps, one letter of motivation, employment certificates proving two years of relevant post-degree experience, recent language certificates, copies of higher education certificates with certified translations where needed, and a full transcript with an explanation of the grading system.

If EPOS does not fit your profile, the DAAD runs a separate general route for master’s applicants without the professional-experience requirement, which we covered in our guide to the DAAD Study Scholarship for master’s students. Applicants comparing European options should also look at Erasmus Mundus deadlines. And if you are not sure which study or work route fits your profile, our visa eligibility checker is a sensible first stop.

Questions EPOS applicants ask most

Is there one deadline for the whole programme?

No. Each postgraduate course sets its own application deadline. Check the deadline published by the specific course you are applying to.

How much professional experience do I need?

At least two years of relevant experience gained after your first degree, counted at the time of application.

Can I apply for more than one course?

Yes, up to three. List them in priority order in the DAAD forms and submit one motivation letter explaining the ranking.

Do I need German to apply?

Only for German-taught courses, which require at least B1 at application and DSH 2 or TestDaF 4 before the course starts. English-taught courses require IELTS or TOEFL instead.

Does the scholarship cover family members?

There is a monthly allowance for accompanying members of family, alongside a rent subsidy and insurance contributions.

Where do I send my application?

Directly to the postgraduate course. Applications sent to the DAAD are not forwarded to the university.

Sources

01 Sep 2026
KLM Beirut flight disruptions

Flying Through Beirut? Here’s KLM’s New Extended Alert

Categories Netherlands, World

Travelers booked through Beirut have another month of uncertainty ahead. KLM Beirut flight disruptions now extend through Monday, September 28, 2026, according to KLM’s own travel alert page. The airline has kept an active disruption notice in place since late February because of the security situation in the region. Passengers holding tickets to, from or via Beirut (BEY) within the affected window can access rebooking and refund options directly through the airline.

KLM is not flying solo in this caution. Air France suspended routes to Riyadh, Dubai and Beirut in July. A broader group of international carriers has cancelled or suspended Middle East flights at various points. That follows renewed US-Iran hostilities earlier in the year, according to reporting from Euronews and Gulf Business.

KLM Beirut flight disruptions

Why the KLM Beirut flight disruptions have lasted so long

The current disruption window traces back to February 2026. US and Israeli strikes on Iran triggered a wave of regional flight suspensions across multiple carriers that month. What began as a short-term precaution has become a rolling, repeatedly extended policy. That reflects how unsettled the security picture in Lebanese and wider Levantine airspace has remained through the year. The National reported that, as of September 1, several international airlines were still weighing which Middle East routes to resume and which to keep grounded.

The persistence of the disruption window is itself a data point. Airlines typically shorten these advisories once risk assessments improve. KLM extended rather than lifted its Beirut policy, which suggests carriers see continued volatility rather than a clear de-escalation trend.

How this fits the wider pattern of Middle East travel risk

Beirut is one entry on a longer list of regional disruptions travelers are navigating this year. Eleven countries carried a single coordinated advisory in August, a pattern covered in our August Middle East travel advisory report. The underlying driver, periodic exchanges of fire tied to the broader Iran conflict, has not resolved. Escalating strikes around the Hormuz Strait remain the single biggest variable shaping whether airlines extend, tighten or eventually lift these policies.

Travelers booking any Levantine or Gulf itinerary this fall should expect continued volatility rather than a fixed timeline. These advisories have already been extended past their original end dates several times.

What happens next for affected travelers

Passengers with existing Beirut-linked bookings should check KLM’s travel alerts page directly. They should not assume their original itinerary will operate as scheduled, since rebooking and refund windows shift each time the airline updates its policy. Travel advisers recommend booking refundable fares for any regional itinerary through at least the end of September. That is based on the pattern of rolling extensions seen since February.

Airlines have not indicated a firm date for resuming full Beirut service. Industry analysts say any resumption will likely be gradual. It would start with reduced frequency before returning to a normal schedule, rather than a single date when disruptions simply end.

How other regional carriers are handling the same risk

KLM’s approach is a single rolling alert covering rebooking and refunds, rather than an outright route cancellation. It is one of several strategies airlines have adopted for Levantine and Gulf routes this year. Air France chose full route suspension for Riyadh, Dubai and Beirut in July instead of a conditional alert. That is a more conservative stance, avoiding the operational complexity of standing ready to resume service on short notice. Gulf-based carriers have generally kept more Middle East routes active throughout the year. They adjust flight paths around specific airspace closures rather than suspending entire city pairs, according to Gulf Business’s ongoing tracking of the region’s flight status.

The divergence in approach reflects each airline’s own risk tolerance and hub geography, as much as a shared read on the underlying threat. Carriers based farther from the conflict zone, like KLM and Air France, have generally erred toward caution. Airlines headquartered within the region have continued operating with heightened but not halted schedules. That is a distinction worth knowing for travelers comparing options on the same route.

Travel insurers have also adjusted how they price policies covering the affected routes. Several major providers now require an explicit disclosure if a booked itinerary includes a Beirut connection during the active alert window. That comes from travel-industry reporting on the broader disruption pattern. Travelers should check their policy wording carefully. Some policies exclude claims tied to a destination already under a published travel alert at the time of booking. A quick call to the insurer before booking can settle the question either way. It is a five-minute check that can save a much longer dispute later.

FAQ

How long do the KLM Beirut flight disruptions run?

Through Monday, September 28, 2026, based on KLM’s current travel alert.

Can I rebook or get a refund if I’m affected?

Yes, KLM offers rebooking and refund options for tickets to, from or via Beirut within the disruption window.

When did the disruptions start?

Late February 2026, following US and Israeli strikes on Iran.

Are other airlines also affected?

Yes, including Air France, which suspended Riyadh, Dubai and Beirut routes in July.

Why does the disruption window keep getting extended?

Ongoing regional security volatility tied to the wider Iran conflict has kept risk assessments elevated.

Should I book a refundable fare for Middle East travel this fall?

Travel advisers recommend it, given the repeated pattern of extended disruption windows since February.

01 Sep 2026
Bank of England rate decision

The Bank of England Vote Was Closer Than It Looked

Categories Business

The Bank of England’s next move is set for September 17. The Bank of England rate decision will be announced at 12:00 UK time. It follows a July vote that was closer than markets expected. The Monetary Policy Committee held Bank Rate at 3.75% on a 6-3 split. Three members dissented: Huw Pill, Megan Greene and Catherine Mann. All three wanted to raise the rate to 4%.

Markets currently see a hold as the likely outcome. Overnight index swap pricing implied a 72% probability of no change as of mid-August, according to rate forecasts tracked by HomeOwners Alliance. That probability has narrowed from earlier in the summer, not widened. Inflation data has come in hotter than expected since then.

Bank of England rate decision

Why the Bank of England rate decision is harder to call this time

UK inflation rose to 2.9% in July. Higher energy costs pushed prices further above the Bank’s 2% target. The Middle East conflict drove much of that energy pressure. It is the same oil-price channel weighing on the Federal Reserve and the European Central Bank. All three major central banks now face an energy shock they did not generate. None can easily offset it with rate policy alone.

The three dissenting MPC members flagged a specific worry. They see energy-driven inflation becoming persistent, not temporary. Oil and gas prices could keep climbing through the autumn. If they do, that view could gain support among the committee’s other six members by September 17.

How this compares to the Fed and ECB’s own dilemmas

The Bank of England is not weighing this alone. The Federal Reserve faces a similar bind. Fed Chair Kevin Warsh called US inflation “uncomfortably high” last week, a stance detailed in our coverage of the Fed’s own rate outlook. The European Central Bank is weighing a possible September hike of its own too, a decision covered in our ECB rate preview. Three major central banks are responding to the same geopolitical energy shock within weeks of each other.

That alignment is not a coincidence. Middle East oil supply risk does not respect national borders. It shows up in import costs almost everywhere at once. Currency traders are watching whether one bank moves first. A surprise hike from any of the three could shift capital flows and pressure the others to follow.

What happens next before September 17

The Bank publishes no scheduled speeches from MPC members in the two weeks before a decision. That is standard under its quiet-period rules. Incoming data becomes the main signal instead. A fresh inflation reading and August energy price figures are due before the meeting. Both will shape whether the hawkish minority gains ground or stays isolated at three votes.

Mortgage lenders have already started pricing in a slightly higher chance of a rate rise. Several major UK lenders adjusted fixed-rate mortgage offers in late August. That is a small but real signal. Markets are hedging against a less dovish outcome than they expected a month ago.

Who feels a rate change first

Homeowners on variable-rate mortgages would feel a hike within weeks. Roughly 1.5 million UK households sit on trackers or standard variable rates. Those rates move directly with Bank Rate. Savers would see modestly better returns on cash savings accounts, which have lagged the current 3.75% base rate at many high-street banks. Businesses with variable-rate loans face the same near-term squeeze as mortgage holders. Smaller firms feel it hardest, since they rarely have the scale to hedge borrowing costs.

What economists will be watching for on the day

Beyond the headline vote count, analysts will parse the Bank’s updated inflation forecast closely. A upward revision to the projected inflation path would signal more hawkish intent even if the rate itself holds steady. The MPC’s minutes, published alongside the decision, typically reveal how close the committee came to a different outcome. Traders read those minutes almost as closely as the vote itself, since they shape expectations for the next meeting in November.

Sterling has traded in a tight range against the dollar and euro through most of August, reflecting genuine market uncertainty about which way September 17 will break. A hold with hawkish language in the minutes would likely support the pound. An outright rate rise would support it further still, though at the cost of tighter borrowing conditions for UK households already managing higher energy bills. Options traders have been paying up for protection against a surprise move in either direction, a sign the market genuinely does not know which way this one breaks.

FAQ

When is the next Bank of England rate decision?

September 17, 2026, announced at 12:00 UK time.

What did the Bank of England decide in July?

It held Bank Rate at 3.75% on a 6-3 vote, with three members favoring a rise to 4%.

Why might the Bank raise rates in September?

UK inflation rose to 2.9% in July, driven partly by higher energy costs tied to the Middle East conflict.

What do markets currently expect?

A hold was seen as most likely as of mid-August, with roughly a 72% implied probability, though that has narrowed.

Are other central banks facing a similar decision?

Yes. The Federal Reserve and European Central Bank are both weighing similar inflation pressure from Middle East energy prices this September.

Who is affected first if rates rise?

UK households on tracker or variable-rate mortgages, followed by businesses with variable-rate borrowing.

01 Sep 2026
Canada temporary resident tracking

Canada Doesn’t Know Who’s Actually Leaving — A New Report Says Fix It

Categories Canada, Immigration

A council of immigration experts says Canada temporary resident tracking is broken, and Ottawa is flying blind on who actually leaves the country when a permit expires. The warning comes from the C.D. Howe Institute’s immigration targets council in a submission released August 30, 2026.

The Numbers Driving the Warning

Federal figures dated June 30, 2026 counted 632,000 people in Canada on study permits. Another 1.5 million held temporary work permits at the same point. Together, temporary residents remain a significant share of Canada’s population even after two years of federal cuts to intake targets.

Canada temporary resident tracking

Statistics Canada estimates temporary residents currently make up about 6.2 percent of the population, or roughly 2.5 million people. The federal government has set a target of bringing that share below 5 percent by the end of 2027.

Why Canada Temporary Resident Tracking Worries the Council

Council chair Parisa Mahboubi says the government’s target relies on an assumption rather than verified data. Ottawa largely assumes people leave once their permits expire, without a reliable system to confirm departures actually happen.

The council includes former immigration minister Jason Kenney alongside academics who study migration policy. Their submission argues that without better exit tracking, nobody, including the government, can say with confidence whether the 5 percent target is realistic or already being missed.

What the Council Wants Ottawa to Do

The submission calls for two changes. First, deeper cuts to temporary resident intake beyond what is already planned. Second, and more urgent according to Mahboubi, a functioning system to track when temporary residents actually exit the country rather than simply assuming compliance.

Canada already collects some exit data through information-sharing agreements with the United States at land borders, but coverage gaps remain, particularly for people who leave by air to destinations other than the US or who overstay without formally departing at all.

How Canada Currently Tracks Departures

Canada shares some border-crossing data with the United States. An information-sharing agreement covers land crossings between the two countries. That system can confirm when someone leaves Canada for the US, but it captures only one exit route among several.

People who fly to other countries fall outside what that data can confirm. So do people who simply remain in Canada after their permit expires without formally departing. The council’s submission argues this gap is large enough to undermine confidence in any national compliance estimate.

Provincial data adds another layer of uncertainty. Health cards, driver’s licenses, and school enrollment records could in theory help confirm whether someone is still in the country, but these systems are not currently linked to federal immigration status data in a systematic way.

Building those links raises its own privacy and jurisdictional questions, since provinces control much of that data independently of the federal government’s immigration mandate.

Mahboubi’s council did not set a timeline for when better tracking should be in place, but framed it as a prerequisite for any credible claim that Canada’s temporary resident population is actually shrinking toward the government’s target.

Opposition critics have echoed parts of the council’s concern. The political debate over intake levels themselves remains far more divided, though, than the narrower, more technical question of how departures get counted.

That narrower question, Mahboubi argues, is where Ottawa could make the fastest progress, since better tracking does not require the same political consensus that setting new intake numbers demands.

What Other Countries Do Differently

Several peer countries, including Australia and the UK, run more comprehensive exit-tracking systems that log departures at all major air, land, and sea points. Those systems let governments report overstay rates with more confidence than Canada currently can.

The C.D. Howe submission points to these systems as a model Canada could adapt, arguing that better data would let policymakers set intake targets based on verified outcomes rather than assumptions about who has already left.

Building a comparable system in Canada would likely require new agreements with airlines and closer coordination between IRCC, the Canada Border Services Agency, and provincial governments that currently hold pieces of the relevant data separately.

Where the Levels Debate Goes From Here

The council’s submission feeds into the government’s annual immigration levels consultation, which shapes targets for permanent and temporary admissions in the years ahead. Ottawa has not yet responded formally to the recommendations.

Study permit holders and temporary workers already navigating a tighter Canadian system, including recent caps on the Post-Graduation Work Permit’s eligible fields of study, are likely to face continued scrutiny as this debate over tracking and targets plays out over the coming months.

Frequently Asked Questions

How many temporary residents does Canada currently have?

Statistics Canada estimates about 2.5 million temporary residents, roughly 6.2 percent of the population, as of mid-2026.

What is Canada’s target for temporary residents?

The federal government aims to bring temporary residents below 5 percent of the population by the end of 2027.

Why does the C.D. Howe Institute say tracking is a problem?

The council argues Ottawa assumes people leave when their permits expire without a reliable system to confirm departures, making the 5 percent target hard to verify.

Who is on the C.D. Howe Institute’s immigration targets council?

The council is chaired by economist Parisa Mahboubi and includes former immigration minister Jason Kenney along with academics who study migration policy.

Related Coverage on Tamara News

Sources

01 Sep 2026
EU AI Act transparency

One Month Into the EU’s New AI Rules, Here’s Who’s Actually Complying

Categories Tech

The European Union’s AI rulebook has had a month to bite. EU AI Act transparency obligations took effect August 2. The European Commission’s AI Office and national regulators began enforcing rules that require AI systems to disclose their own involvement. Four areas are covered: direct interaction with people, AI-generated content, emotion recognition and biometric categorization, and deepfakes or AI-generated text on public-interest matters.

In practice, that means chatbots must tell users they are talking to a machine. Deepfakes need visible labels. AI-generated or altered content must carry machine-readable marks so platforms and researchers can detect it. Companies that don’t comply face fines up to €15 million or 3% of global annual turnover, whichever is larger. National market surveillance authorities, the European AI Office and the European Data Protection Supervisor enforce the penalty structure in parallel.

EU AI Act transparency

What EU AI Act transparency actually requires day to day

The rule’s four categories cover most consumer-facing AI use cases already in wide circulation. A customer-service chatbot on a European retail site now needs a clear disclosure at first contact. A marketing image generated or substantially altered by AI needs a machine-readable mark, not just a small watermark a user might miss. Emotion-recognition and biometric categorization systems, used in some retail and workplace settings, now require explicit disclosure to the people being monitored.

The AI Office has also published a voluntary Code of Practice on Transparency of AI-Generated Content. Several major AI providers have already signed on. That gives companies a template for compliance, rather than requiring each to interpret the regulation from scratch.

How this compares to the US approach to AI regulation

The EU’s transparency-first approach contrasts with Washington’s posture. The Commerce Department has signaled new rules are coming for AI chips and semiconductors, not for AI-generated content disclosure. That US regulatory track targets hardware supply chains. Brussels is regulating the output layer instead — what users see and interact with, rather than what powers it underneath.

China has taken a third approach. It recently fined AI companion apps for what regulators called inappropriately close engagement with users, a move covered in our reporting on Beijing’s AI companion crackdown. Three major regulatory blocs are now pursuing three distinct enforcement philosophies for the same underlying technology.

What happens next for companies still catching up

National regulators have signaled a phased enforcement approach. They are prioritizing the largest platforms and most visible violations first, rather than pursuing every noncompliant chatbot at once. Legal advisers tracking the rollout expect the first public fines to land in the coming months. Those are likely to target companies that ignored disclosure requirements entirely, rather than those that made good-faith but imperfect attempts at compliance.

Smaller companies building on top of major AI providers face a practical question. Does their chosen model provider’s compliance cover their own product, or do they need separate disclosure measures? Legal guidance from law firms including Cooley and Stibbe generally advises deployers not to assume upstream compliance protects them. The obligation applies at the point of user interaction, not just at the model level.

What compliance looks like for a small business

A small e-commerce site running an AI chatbot for customer support does not need a legal department to comply. It does need a few concrete changes. Those include a visible statement at the start of a chat session that the user is talking to an AI system, a process for labeling AI-generated product images or marketing copy, and a documented record of which disclosure measures are in place in case a regulator asks. Firms building on top of major providers’ APIs generally still carry this obligation themselves. The rule targets the point of interaction with the end user, not the underlying model.

Industry advisers say the most common compliance gap so far is not malicious evasion but simple oversight. Companies adopted AI tools for internal efficiency and only later realized customer-facing outputs also fall under the transparency rule. The Code of Practice published by the AI Office is designed to close that gap. It gives smaller companies language and formatting they can adopt directly, rather than drafting disclosure text from scratch.

Companies operating only outside the EU are not automatically exempt either. The rule applies based on where users are located, not where the company is headquartered. A US or Asia-based platform with European customers still needs to meet the same disclosure standard for the portion of its user base interacting from within the bloc. Legal teams at global platforms are treating that geographic split as a genuine engineering requirement, not just a policy footnote.

FAQ

When did the EU AI Act transparency rules take effect?

August 2, 2026.

What four areas do the rules cover?

Direct interaction with individuals, AI-generated content, emotion recognition and biometric categorization, and deepfakes or AI-generated public-interest content.

What are the penalties for noncompliance?

Fines up to €15 million or 3% of global annual turnover, whichever is greater.

Who enforces the transparency rules?

National market surveillance authorities, the European AI Office, and the European Data Protection Supervisor.

Is there a compliance template companies can follow?

Yes, the AI Office published a voluntary Code of Practice on Transparency of AI-Generated Content that several major providers have signed.

Does using a compliant AI model automatically make my product compliant?

Not necessarily. Legal advisers say the disclosure obligation applies at the point of user interaction, so deployers generally need their own compliance measures.

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